Published on in Vol 11 (2025)

1 Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
2 Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
3 Department of Medical Imaging, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
4 Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
5 Research Center for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
6 Department of Radiology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
7 Translational Imaging Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
8 Clinical Big Data Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
*these authors contributed equally
