Published on in Vol 11 (2025)
Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are
available at
https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/64929, first published
.

1 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People’s Republic of China
2 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Nannning, People’s Republic of China
*these authors contributed equally
