This paper is in the following e-collection/theme issue:

Reviews on Innovations in Cancer (38) Chatbots and Conversational Agents (623) Machine Learning (1719) Artificial Intelligence (1704) Cancer Self-Management (69) Emotional, Social, Psychological Support for Cancer (215) Innovations and Technology in Cancer Care (462) Ethics, Privacy, and Legal Issues (545)

Published on in Vol 7, No 4 (2021): Oct-Dec

Preprints (earlier versions) of this paper are available at https://preprints.jmir.org/preprint/27850, first published .
Chatbot for Health Care and Oncology Applications Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Systematic Review

Chatbot for Health Care and Oncology Applications Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Systematic Review

Chatbot for Health Care and Oncology Applications Using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: Systematic Review

Authors of this article:

Lu Xu1, 2 Author Orcid Image ;   Leslie Sanders3 Author Orcid Image ;   Kay Li4 Author Orcid Image ;   James C L Chow5, 6 Author Orcid Image
Article Authors Cited by (280) Tweetations (14) Metrics

Journals

  1. Yang L, Ng W, Lei X, Tan S, Wang Z, Yan M, Pargi M, Zhang X, Lim J, Gunasekeran D, Tan F, Lee C, Yeo K, Tan H, Ho H, Tan B, Wong T, Kwek K, Goh R, Liu Y, Ting D. Development and testing of a multi-lingual Natural Language Processing-based deep learning system in 10 languages for COVID-19 pandemic crisis: A multi-center study. Frontiers in Public Health 2023;11 View
  2. Adeoye J, Akinshipo A, Koohi-Moghadam M, Thomson P, Su Y. Construction of machine learning-based models for cancer outcomes in low and lower-middle income countries: A scoping review. Frontiers in Oncology 2022;12 View
  3. Prasitpuriprecha C, Pitakaso R, Gonwirat S, Enkvetchakul P, Preeprem T, Jantama S, Kaewta C, Weerayuth N, Srichok T, Khonjun S, Nanthasamroeng N. Embedded AMIS-Deep Learning with Dialog-Based Object Query System for Multi-Class Tuberculosis Drug Response Classification. Diagnostics 2022;12(12):2980 View
  4. Cohen Y, Amorim M, Reis J. Artificial Intelligence Trends and Applications in Service Systems. Applied Sciences 2022;12(24):13032 View
  5. Peng M, Wickersham J, Altice F, Shrestha R, Azwa I, Zhou X, Halim M, Ikhtiaruddin W, Tee V, Kamarulzaman A, Ni Z. Formative Evaluation of the Acceptance of HIV Prevention Artificial Intelligence Chatbots By Men Who Have Sex With Men in Malaysia: Focus Group Study. JMIR Formative Research 2022;6(10):e42055 View
  6. Rebelo N, Sanders L, Li K, Chow J. Learning the Treatment Process in Radiotherapy Using an Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Chatbot: Development Study. JMIR Formative Research 2022;6(12):e39443 View
  7. Luca S, Clausen M, Shaw A, Lee W, Krishnapillai S, Adi-Wauran E, Faghfoury H, Costain G, Jobling R, Aronson M, Liston E, Silver J, Shuman C, Chad L, Hayeems R, Bombard Y, Bernier F, Brudno M, Carroll J, Cohn R, Dhalla I, Friedman J, Hewson S, Jamieson T, Kodida R, Laberge A, Lerner-Ellis J, Mamdani M, Marshall C, Osmond M, Pham Q, Reble E, Rudzicz F, Seto E, Shastri-Estrada S, Smith M, Thorpe K, Ungar W. Finding the sweet spot: a qualitative study exploring patients’ acceptability of chatbots in genetic service delivery. Human Genetics 2023;142(3):321 View
  8. Walters N, Lindsey-Mills Z, Brangan A, Savage S, Schmidlen T, Morgan K, Tricou E, Betts M, Jones L, Sturm A, Campbell-Salome G. Facilitating family communication of familial hypercholesterolemia genetic risk: Assessing engagement with innovative chatbot technology from the IMPACT-FH study. PEC Innovation 2023;2:100134 View
  9. Sinha R, Deb Roy A, Kumar N, Mondal H. Applicability of ChatGPT in Assisting to Solve Higher Order Problems in Pathology. Cureus 2023 View
  10. Daniel T, de Chevigny A, Champrigaud A, Valette J, Sitbon M, Jardin M, Chevalier D, Renet S. Answering Hospital Caregivers’ Questions at Any Time: Proof-of-Concept Study of an Artificial Intelligence–Based Chatbot in a French Hospital. JMIR Human Factors 2022;9(4):e39102 View
  11. Scerri A, Morin K. Using chatbots like ChatGPT to support nursing practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing 2023;32(15-16):4211 View
  12. Taecharungroj V. “What Can ChatGPT Do?” Analyzing Early Reactions to the Innovative AI Chatbot on Twitter. Big Data and Cognitive Computing 2023;7(1):35 View
  13. Chow J, Sanders L, Li K. Design of an Educational Chatbot Using Artificial Intelligence in Radiotherapy. AI 2023;4(1):319 View
  14. Rodriguez‐Arrastia M, Martinez‐Ortigosa A, Ruiz‐Gonzalez C, Ropero‐Padilla C, Roman P, Sanchez‐Labraca N. Experiences and perceptions of final‐year nursing students of using a chatbot in a simulated emergency situation: A qualitative study. Journal of Nursing Management 2022;30(8):3874 View
  15. Chang I, Shih Y, Kuo K. Why would you use medical chatbots? interview and survey. International Journal of Medical Informatics 2022;165:104827 View
  16. D'Amico R, White T, Shah H, Langer D. I Asked a ChatGPT to Write an Editorial About How We Can Incorporate Chatbots Into Neurosurgical Research and Patient Care…. Neurosurgery 2023;92(4):663 View
  17. Hayakawa M, Watanabe O, Shiga K, Fujishita M, Yamaki C, Ogo Y, Takahashi T, Ikeguchi Y, Takayama T. Exploring types of conversational agents for resolving cancer patients’ questions and concerns: Analysis of 100 telephone consultations on breast cancer. Patient Education and Counseling 2023;106:75 View
  18. Okonkwo C, Amusa L, Twinomurinzi H. COVID-Bot, an Intelligent System for COVID-19 Vaccination Screening: Design and Development. JMIR Formative Research 2022;6(10):e39157 View
  19. Gupta L, Krusche M, Venerito V, Hügle T. Harnessing the potential of digital rheumatology. Health Policy and Technology 2023;12(1):100730 View
  20. Boggiss A, Consedine N, Hopkins S, Silvester C, Jefferies C, Hofman P, Serlachius A. Improving the Well-being of Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Qualitative Study Exploring Acceptability and Clinical Usability of a Self-compassion Chatbot. JMIR Diabetes 2023;8:e40641 View
  21. Taber P, Armin J, Orozco G, Del Fiol G, Erdrich J, Kawamoto K, Israni S. Artificial Intelligence and Cancer Control: Toward Prioritizing Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (JEDI) in Emerging Decision Support Technologies. Current Oncology Reports 2023;25(5):387 View
  22. Terblanche N, Kidd M. Adoption Factors and Moderating Effects of Age and Gender That Influence the Intention to Use a Non-Directive Reflective Coaching Chatbot. Sage Open 2022;12(2) View
  23. Ghosh A, Bir A. Evaluating ChatGPT's Ability to Solve Higher-Order Questions on the Competency-Based Medical Education Curriculum in Medical Biochemistry. Cureus 2023 View
  24. Chow J, Sanders L, Li K. Impact of ChatGPT on medical chatbots as a disruptive technology. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2023;6 View
  25. Tawfik E, Ghallab E, Moustafa A. A nurse versus a chatbot ‒ the effect of an empowerment program on chemotherapy-related side effects and the self-care behaviors of women living with breast Cancer: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Nursing 2023;22(1) View
  26. Nehme M, Schneider F, Perrin A, Sum Yu W, Schmitt S, Violot G, Ducrot A, Tissandier F, Posfay-Barbe K, Guessous I. The Development of a Chatbot Technology to Disseminate Post–COVID-19 Information: Descriptive Implementation Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e43113 View
  27. Lo C. What Is the Impact of ChatGPT on Education? A Rapid Review of the Literature. Education Sciences 2023;13(4):410 View
  28. Clark T. Investigating the Use of an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot with General Chemistry Exam Questions. Journal of Chemical Education 2023;100(5):1905 View
  29. Han S. The Contributions of Information and Communications Technology on the Sustainable Development of Artificial Intelligence in the Medical Field. Journal of Innovation and Development 2023;2(2):86 View
  30. Papachristou N, Kotronoulas G, Dikaios N, Allison S, Eleftherochorinou H, Rai T, Kunz H, Barnaghi P, Miaskowski C, Bamidis P. Digital Transformation of Cancer Care in the Era of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Data-Driven Interventions: Navigating the Field. Seminars in Oncology Nursing 2023;39(3):151433 View
  31. Giansanti D. The Chatbots Are Invading Us: A Map Point on the Evolution, Applications, Opportunities, and Emerging Problems in the Health Domain. Life 2023;13(5):1130 View
  32. Papachristou N, Kartsidis P, Anagnostopoulou A, Marshall-McKenna R, Kotronoulas G, Collantes G, Valdivieso B, Santaballa A, Conde-Moreno A, Domenech J, Kokoroskos E, Papachristou P, Sountoulides P, Levva S, Avgitidou K, Tychala C, Bakogiannis C, Stafylas P, Ramon Z, Serrano A, Tavares V, Fernandez-Luque L, Hors-Fraile S, Billis A, Bamidis P. A Smart Digital Health Platform to Enable Monitoring of Quality of Life and Frailty in Older Patients with Cancer: A Mixed-Methods, Feasibility Study Protocol. Seminars in Oncology Nursing 2023;39(3):151437 View
  33. Ramadhani C. Chatbots in Pharmacy: A Boon or a Bane for Patient Care and Pharmacy Practice?. Sciences of Pharmacy 2023;2(3):1 View
  34. Lo C, Hew K. A review of integrating AI-based chatbots into flipped learning: new possibilities and challenges. Frontiers in Education 2023;8 View
  35. Amin R, Darwin R, Dey B, Dhama K, Bin Emran T. Examining the differences between how doctors and AI chatbots handle patient symptoms. International Journal of Surgery 2023 View
  36. Nadarzynski T, Lunt A, Knights N, Bayley J, Llewellyn C. “But can chatbots understand sex?” Attitudes towards artificial intelligence chatbots amongst sexual and reproductive health professionals: An exploratory mixed-methods study. International Journal of STD & AIDS 2023;34(11):809 View
  37. Yang H, Wang F, Greenblatt M, Huang S, Zhang Y. AI Chatbots in Clinical Laboratory Medicine: Foundations and Trends. Clinical Chemistry 2023;69(11):1238 View
  38. Rao A, Pang M, Kim J, Kamineni M, Lie W, Prasad A, Landman A, Dreyer K, Succi M. Assessing the Utility of ChatGPT Throughout the Entire Clinical Workflow: Development and Usability Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e48659 View
  39. Chakraborty C, Pal S, Bhattacharya M, Dash S, Lee S. Overview of Chatbots with special emphasis on artificial intelligence-enabled ChatGPT in medical science. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence 2023;6 View
  40. Wu D, Bibault J. Pilot applications of GPT-4 in radiation oncology: Summarizing patient symptom intake and targeted chatbot applications. Radiotherapy and Oncology 2024;190:109978 View
  41. Bindra S, Jain R. Artificial intelligence in medical science: a review. Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) 2024;193(3):1419 View
  42. Turner J. Cancer Care by Committee to be Superseded by Personal Physician–Patient Partnership Informed by Artificial Intelligence. Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals 2023;38(8):497 View
  43. Fayos De Arizón L, Viera E, Pilco M, Perera A, De Maeztu G, Nicolau A, Furlano M, Torra R. Artificial intelligence: a new field of knowledge for nephrologists?. Clinical Kidney Journal 2023;16(12):2314 View
  44. Ahmad A, Premanandan S, Langegård U, Cajander Å, Johansson B, Carlsson M, Tiblom Ehrsson Y. Positive Design Framework for Carer eSupport: Qualitative Study to Support Informal Caregivers of Patients With Head and Neck Cancer in Sweden. JMIR Cancer 2023;9:e45748 View
  45. Iannantuono G, Bracken-Clarke D, Floudas C, Roselli M, Gulley J, Karzai F. Applications of large language models in cancer care: current evidence and future perspectives. Frontiers in Oncology 2023;13 View
  46. Martins J, Branco F, Mamede H. Combining low-code development with ChatGPT to novel no-code approaches: A focus-group study. Intelligent Systems with Applications 2023;20:200289 View
  47. Yeo M, Lim S, Kumar A, Thompson A. Calculator for predicting the probability of faculty promotion in an academic medical centre. BMJ Leader 2024;8(3):203 View
  48. Au J, Falloon C, Ravi A, Ha P, Le S. A Beta-Prototype Chatbot for Increasing Health Literacy of Patients With Decompensated Cirrhosis: Usability Study. JMIR Human Factors 2023;10:e42506 View
  49. Lee M, Contreras Alejandro J, IJsselsteijn W. Cultivating Gratitude with a Chatbot. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024;40(18):4957 View
  50. Chen N, Huang C, Fan C, Lu L, Lin F, Liao J, Guo J. User Evaluation of a Chat-Based Instant Messaging Support Health Education Program for Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Preliminary Findings of a Formative Study. JMIR Formative Research 2023;7:e45484 View
  51. Webster E, Ahsan M, Perez L, Levi S, Thomas C, Christos P, Hickner A, Hamilton J, Babagbemi K, Cantillo E, Holcomb K, Chapman-Davis E, Sharaf R, Frey M. Chatbot Artificial Intelligence for Genetic Cancer Risk Assessment and Counseling: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics 2023;(7) View
  52. Suppadungsuk S, Thongprayoon C, Miao J, Krisanapan P, Qureshi F, Kashani K, Cheungpasitporn W. Exploring the Potential of Chatbots in Critical Care Nephrology. Medicines 2023;10(10):58 View
  53. You Y, Tsai C, Li Y, Ma F, Heron C, Gui X. Beyond Self-diagnosis: How a Chatbot-based Symptom Checker Should Respond. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 2023;30(4):1 View
  54. Zhou Y. Realizing the Dream of Precision Oncology. The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics 2023;25(12):851 View
  55. Shane-Carson K, Smith D, Smith A, Seeley C. Retrospective chart analysis to determine the impact of a patient-facing digital risk stratification tool combined with a clinical screener for hereditary cancer genetic risk assessment triage in a community oncology clinic. Journal of Community Genetics 2023;15(1):25 View
  56. Singh B, Olds T, Brinsley J, Dumuid D, Virgara R, Matricciani L, Watson A, Szeto K, Eglitis E, Miatke A, Simpson C, Vandelanotte C, Maher C. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of chatbots on lifestyle behaviours. npj Digital Medicine 2023;6(1) View
  57. Patil N, Huang R, van der Pol C, Larocque N. Comparative Performance of ChatGPT and Bard in a Text-Based Radiology Knowledge Assessment. Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 2024;75(2):344 View
  58. Yamson G. Immediacy as a better service: Analysis of limitations of the use of ChatGPT in library services. Information Development 2023 View
  59. Dhopte A, Bagde H. Smart Smile: Revolutionizing Dentistry With Artificial Intelligence. Cureus 2023 View
  60. Orpin J, Rodriguez A, Harrop D, Mills E, Campbell F, Martin-Kerry J, Turner J, Horsman J, Painter J, Julian M, Dimitri P, Howsley P, Swallow V. Supportive use of digital technologies during transition to adult healthcare for young people with long-term conditions, focusing on Type 1 diabetes mellitus: A scoping review. Journal of Child Health Care 2025;29(1):204 View
  61. Albino de Queiroz D, Silva Passarello R, Veloso de Moura Fé V, Rossini A, Folchini da Silveira E, Aparecida Isquierdo Fonseca de Queiroz E, André da Costa C. A wearable chatbot-based model for monitoring colorectal cancer patients in the active phase of treatment. Healthcare Analytics 2023;4:100257 View
  62. Lim Z, Pushpanathan K, Yew S, Lai Y, Sun C, Lam J, Chen D, Goh J, Tan M, Sheng B, Cheng C, Koh V, Tham Y. Benchmarking large language models’ performances for myopia care: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, and Google Bard. eBioMedicine 2023;95:104770 View
  63. Al Kuwaiti A, Nazer K, Al-Reedy A, Al-Shehri S, Al-Muhanna A, Subbarayalu A, Al Muhanna D, Al-Muhanna F. A Review of the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2023;13(6):951 View
  64. Bond A, Mccay K, Lal S. Artificial intelligence & clinical nutrition: What the future might have in store. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN 2023;57:542 View
  65. Lozano A, Blanco Fontao C. Is the Education System Prepared for the Irruption of Artificial Intelligence? A Study on the Perceptions of Students of Primary Education Degree from a Dual Perspective: Current Pupils and Future Teachers. Education Sciences 2023;13(7):733 View
  66. Annamalai N, Rashid R, Munir Hashmi U, Mohamed M, Harb Alqaryouti M, Eddin Sadeq A. Using chatbots for English language learning in higher education. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence 2023;5:100153 View
  67. Zhao J. Nursing in a posthuman era: Towards a technology-integrated ecosystem of care. International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2023;10(3):398 View
  68. Zhao Y, Gao C, Zhang L, Gao X, Zhang Z. The application of chatbot in gastroenterology nursing. Gastroenterology & Endoscopy 2023;1(3):136 View
  69. Ramamurthi A, Are C, Kothari A. From ChatGPT to Treatment: the Future of AI and Large Language Models in Surgical Oncology. Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology 2023;14(3):537 View
  70. Passanante A, Pertwee E, Lin L, Lee K, Wu J, Larson H. Conversational AI and Vaccine Communication: Systematic Review of the Evidence. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2023;25:e42758 View
  71. Ge W, Rice H, Sheikh I, Westover M, Weathers A, Jones L, Moura L. Improving Neurology Clinical Care With Natural Language Processing Tools. Neurology 2023;101(22):1010 View
  72. Davis R, Ayo‐Ajibola O, Lin M, Swanson M, Chambers T, Kwon D, Kokot N. Evaluation of Oropharyngeal Cancer Information from Revolutionary Artificial Intelligence Chatbot. The Laryngoscope 2024;134(5):2252 View
  73. Alanzi T, Alotaibi R, Alajmi R, Bukhamsin Z, Fadaq K, AlGhamdi N, Bu Khamsin N, Alzahrani L, Abdullah R, Alsayer R, Al Muarfaj A, Alanzi N. Barriers and Facilitators of Artificial Intelligence in Family Medicine: An Empirical Study With Physicians in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023 View
  74. Kiuchi K, Otsu K, Hayashi Y. Psychological insights into the research and practice of embodied conversational agents, chatbots and social assistive robots: a systematic meta-review. Behaviour & Information Technology 2024;43(15):3696 View
  75. Bagde H, Dhopte A, Alam M, Basri R. A systematic review and meta-analysis on ChatGPT and its utilization in medical and dental research. Heliyon 2023;9(12):e23050 View
  76. Malik S, Zaheer S. ChatGPT as an aid for pathological diagnosis of cancer. Pathology - Research and Practice 2024;253:154989 View
  77. Khoury C, Enver N, Paderno A, Ratti E, Rameau A. Using Generative Artificial Intelligence in the Production and Dissemination of Innovation in Otolaryngology—Ethical Considerations. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 2024;170(6):1607 View
  78. Dang F, Samarasena J. Generative Artificial Intelligence for Gastroenterology: Neither Friend nor Foe. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;118(12):2146 View
  79. Suresh K, Hill P, Kahn C, Schnall M, Rosen M, Zafar H, Trerotola S, Cook T. Quality Improvement Report: Design and Implementation of a Radiology E-Consult Service. RadioGraphics 2023;43(12) View
  80. Suárez A, Jiménez J, Llorente de Pedro M, Andreu-Vázquez C, Díaz-Flores García V, Gómez Sánchez M, Freire Y. Beyond the Scalpel: Assessing ChatGPT's potential as an auxiliary intelligent virtual assistant in oral surgery. Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal 2024;24:46 View
  81. Ali H, Patel P, Obaitan I, Mohan B, Sohail A, Smith-Martinez L, Lambert K, Gangwani M, Easler J, Adler D. Evaluating the performance of ChatGPT in responding to questions about endoscopic procedures for patients. iGIE 2023;2(4):553 View
  82. Tirumala A, Mishra S, Trivedi N, Shivakumar D, Singh A, Shariff S. A cross-sectional study to assess response generated by ChatGPT and ChatSonic to patient queries about Epilepsy. Telematics and Informatics Reports 2024;13:100110 View
  83. Huang M, Ki E. Examining the Effect of Anthropomorphic Design Cues on Healthcare Chatbots Acceptance and Organization-Public Relationships: Trust in a Warm Human Vs. a Competent Machine. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024;40(24):8781 View
  84. Mohammad‐Rahimi H, Ourang S, Pourhoseingholi M, Dianat O, Dummer P, Nosrat A. Validity and reliability of artificial intelligence chatbots as public sources of information on endodontics. International Endodontic Journal 2024;57(3):305 View
  85. Salako O, Enyi A, Miesfeldt S, Kabukye J, Ngoma M, Namisango E, LeBaron V, Sisimayi C, Ebenso B, Lorenz K, Wang Y, Ryan Wolf J, van den Hurk C, Allsop M. Remote Symptom Monitoring to Enhance the Delivery of Palliative Cancer Care in Low-Resource Settings: Emerging Approaches from Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2023;20(24):7190 View
  86. Allen C, Neil G, Halbert C, Sterba K, Nietert P, Welch B, Lenert L. Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of family cancer history collection tools in oncology clinical practices. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association 2024;31(3):631 View
  87. Ma Y, Achiche S, Pomey M, Paquette J, Adjtoutah N, Vicente S, Engler K, Laymouna M, Lessard D, Lemire B, Asselah J, Therrien R, Osmanlliu E, Zawati M, Joly Y, Lebouché B. Adapting and Evaluating an AI-Based Chatbot Through Patient and Stakeholder Engagement to Provide Information for Different Health Conditions: Master Protocol for an Adaptive Platform Trial (the MARVIN Chatbots Study). JMIR Research Protocols 2024;13:e54668 View
  88. Inam M, Sheikh S, Minhas A, Vaughan E, Krittanawong C, Samad Z, Lavie C, Khoja A, D'Cruze M, Slipczuk L, Alarakhiya F, Naseem A, Haider A, Virani S. A review of top cardiology and cardiovascular medicine journal guidelines regarding the use of generative artificial intelligence tools in scientific writing. Current Problems in Cardiology 2024;49(3):102387 View
  89. Pawar V, Katore D. Chatbot-driven supportive care in oral oncology: Addressing patient information needs. Oral Oncology Reports 2024;9:100169 View
  90. Szczesniewski J, Ramoso Alba A, Rodríguez Castro P, Lorenzo Gómez M, Sainz González J, Llanes González L. Calidad de información de ChatGPT, BARD y Copilot acerca de patología urológica en inglés y en español. Actas Urológicas Españolas 2024;48(5):398 View
  91. Sezgin E. Redefining Virtual Assistants in Health Care: The Future With Large Language Models. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e53225 View
  92. Cohen A, Schwamm L. Digital Health for Oncological Care. The Cancer Journal 2024;30(1):34 View
  93. Sien S, Kobekyaa F, Puts M, Currie L, Tompson M, Hedges P, McGrenere J, Mariano C, Haase K. Tailored Self-Management App to Support Older Adults With Cancer and Multimorbidity: Development and Usability Testing. JMIR Aging 2024;7:e53163 View
  94. Wang M, Wang M, Xu X, Yang L, Cai D, Yin M. Unleashing ChatGPT's Power: A Case Study on Optimizing Information Retrieval in Flipped Classrooms via Prompt Engineering. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies 2024;17:629 View
  95. Liang S, Li R, Lan B, Chu Y, Zhang M, Li L. Untouchable them: the effect of chatbot gender on angry customers. Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing 2024;18(6):1099 View
  96. Yang S, Barwise A, Perrucci A, Bartz D. Equitable abortion care for patients with non-English language preference. Contraception 2024;133:110389 View
  97. Babu A, Boddu S. BERT-Based Medical Chatbot: Enhancing Healthcare Communication through Natural Language Understanding. Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy 2024:100419 View
  98. Alam K, Kumar A, Samiullah F. Prospectives and drawbacks of ChatGPT in healthcare and clinical medicine. AI and Ethics 2025;5(2):767 View
  99. Kim H. The Effects of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots on Women’s Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare 2024;12(5):534 View
  100. Szczesniewski J, Ramos Alba A, Rodríguez Castro P, Lorenzo Gómez M, Sainz González J, Llanes González L. Quality of information about urologic pathology in English and Spanish from ChatGPT, BARD, and Copilot. Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition) 2024;48(5):398 View
  101. Shen S, Perez-Heydrich C, Xie D, Nellis J. ChatGPT vs. web search for patient questions: what does ChatGPT do better?. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology 2024;281(6):3219 View
  102. Chakravorty S, Aulakh B, Shil M, Nepale M, Puthenkandathil R, Syed W. Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Dentistry: A Literature Review. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 2024;16(Suppl 1):S14 View
  103. Kuvshinchikov V, De Sousa Sasaki T. ChatGPT na medicina do século XXI: avanços, desafios éticos e limitações inerentes. Health Residencies Journal - HRJ 2024;5(23) View
  104. Chen Y, Esmaeilzadeh P. Generative AI in Medical Practice: In-Depth Exploration of Privacy and Security Challenges. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e53008 View
  105. Deps P, Yotsu R, Furriel B, de Oliveira B, de Lima S, Loureiro R. The potential role of artificial intelligence in the clinical management of Hansen’s disease (leprosy). Frontiers in Medicine 2024;11 View
  106. Mu Y, He D. The Potential Applications and Challenges of ChatGPT in the Medical Field. International Journal of General Medicine 2024;Volume 17:817 View
  107. Kurniawan M, Handiyani H, Nuraini T, Hariyati R, Sutrisno S. A systematic review of artificial intelligence-powered (AI-powered) chatbot intervention for managing chronic illness. Annals of Medicine 2024;56(1) View
  108. Abavisani M, Khoshrou A, Karbas Foroushan S, Sahebkar A. Chatting with artificial intelligence to combat antibiotic resistance: Opportunities and challenges. Current Research in Biotechnology 2024;7:100197 View
  109. Chow J, Wong V, Li K. Generative Pre-Trained Transformer-Empowered Healthcare Conversations: Current Trends, Challenges, and Future Directions in Large Language Model-Enabled Medical Chatbots. BioMedInformatics 2024;4(1):837 View
  110. Crisafulli S, Ciccimarra F, Bellitto C, Carollo M, Carrara E, Stagi L, Triola R, Capuano A, Chiamulera C, Moretti U, Santoro E, Tozzi A, Recchia G, Trifirò G. Artificial intelligence for optimizing benefits and minimizing risks of pharmacological therapies: challenges and opportunities. Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation 2024;4 View
  111. Yahagi M, Hiruta R, Miyauchi C, Tanaka S, Taguchi A, Yaguchi Y. Comparison of Conventional Anesthesia Nurse Education and an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot (ChatGPT) Intervention on Preoperative Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing 2024;39(5):767 View
  112. Eriç A, Özgür E, Asker Ö, Bekiroğlu N. ChatGPT ve Sağlık Bilimlerinde Kullanımı. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2024;11(1):176 View
  113. Abbasian M, Khatibi E, Azimi I, Oniani D, Shakeri Hossein Abad Z, Thieme A, Sriram R, Yang Z, Wang Y, Lin B, Gevaert O, Li L, Jain R, Rahmani A. Foundation metrics for evaluating effectiveness of healthcare conversations powered by generative AI. npj Digital Medicine 2024;7(1) View
  114. Peña-Cáceres O, Tavara-Ramos A, Correa-Calle T, More-More M. WhatsApp-Based Cloud Service Chatbot Application for Emergencies or Disasters. Journal of Advances in Information Technology 2024;15(3):435 View
  115. Laymouna M, Ma Y, Lessard D, Schuster T, Engler K, Lebouché B. Roles, Users, Benefits, and Limitations of Chatbots in Health Care: Rapid Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e56930 View
  116. Matharaarachchi A, Mendis W, Randunu K, De Silva D, Gamage G, Moraliyage H, Mills N, Jennings A. Optimizing Generative AI Chatbots for Net-Zero Emissions Energy Internet-of-Things Infrastructure. Energies 2024;17(8):1935 View
  117. Zhou J, Liang Z, Fang Y, Zhou Z. Exploring Public Response to ChatGPT With Sentiment Analysis and Knowledge Mapping. IEEE Access 2024;12:50504 View
  118. Gül Ş, Erdemir İ, Hanci V, Aydoğmuş E, Erkoç Y. How artificial intelligence can provide information about subdural hematoma: Assessment of readability, reliability, and quality of ChatGPT, BARD, and perplexity responses. Medicine 2024;103(18):e38009 View
  119. Olver I. Ethics of artificial intelligence in supportive care in cancer. Medical Journal of Australia 2024;220(10):499 View
  120. Lenton‐Brym A, Collins A, Lane J, Busso C, Ouyang J, Fitzpatrick S, Kuo J, Monson C. Using machine learning to increase access to and engagement with trauma‐focused interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 2025;64(1):125 View
  121. Grassini E, Buzzi M, Leporini B, Vozna A. A systematic review of chatbots in inclusive healthcare: insights from the last 5 years. Universal Access in the Information Society 2025;24(1):195 View
  122. Yuan Y, Li H, Sawaengdist A. The impact of ChatGPT on learners in English academic writing: opportunities and challenges in education. Language Learning in Higher Education 2024;14(1):41 View
  123. Piazza D, Martorana F, Curaba A, Sambataro D, Valerio M, Firenze A, Pecorino B, Scollo P, Chiantera V, Scibilia G, Vigneri P, Gebbia V, Scandurra G. The Consistency and Quality of ChatGPT Responses Compared to Clinical Guidelines for Ovarian Cancer: A Delphi Approach. Current Oncology 2024;31(5):2796 View
  124. Sezgin E, Kocaballi A, Dolce M, Skeens M, Militello L, Huang Y, Stevens J, Kemper A. Chatbot for Social Need Screening and Resource Sharing With Vulnerable Families: Iterative Design and Evaluation Study. JMIR Human Factors 2024;11:e57114 View
  125. Washington C, Abouyared M, Karanth S, Braithwaite D, Birkeland A, Silverman D, Chen S. The Use of Chatbots in Head and Neck Mucosal Malignancy Treatment Recommendations. Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 2024;171(4):1062 View
  126. Amin Kuhail M, Bahja M, Al-Shamaileh O, Thomas J, Alkazemi A, Negreiros J. Assessing the Impact of Chatbot-Human Personality Congruence on User Behavior: A Chatbot-Based Advising System Case. IEEE Access 2024;12:71761 View
  127. Afroze L, Rahman M. Utilization of artificial intelligence to mitigate health inequalities in gynecological cancer care. International Journal of Gynecological Cancer 2024;34(10):1657 View
  128. Lukkahatai N, Han G. Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Nursing in Asia. Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal 2024;8:e55321 View
  129. Pawuś D, Porażko T, Paszkiel S. Automation and Decision Support in the Area of Nephrology Using Numerical Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, and Expert Approach: Review of the Current State of Knowledge. IEEE Access 2024;12:86043 View
  130. Liou J, Vo T. Exploring the Relationships among Factors Influencing Healthcare Chatbot Adoption. Sustainability 2024;16(12):5050 View
  131. Didier A, Moss G, Sutton J. Applications of Artificial Intelligence for Cancer Patient Education. Journal of Cancer Education 2024 View
  132. Guillari A, Sansone V, Giordano V, Catone M, Rea T. Assessing digital health knowledge, attitudes and practices among nurses in Naples: a survey study protocol. BMJ Open 2024;14(6):e081721 View
  133. Alqaidi S, Albugami S, Alzahrani W, Badri S, Wali A. Network-integrated medical chatbot for enhanced healthcare services. Telematics and Informatics Reports 2024;15:100153 View
  134. Ping Y. Experience in psychological counseling supported by artificial intelligence technology. Technology and Health Care 2024;32(6):3871 View
  135. Sheerah H, AlSalamah S, Alsalamah S, Lu C, Arafa A, Zaatari E, Alhomod A, Pujari S, Labrique A. The Rise of Virtual Health Care: Transforming the Health Care Landscape in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Review Article. Telemedicine and e-Health 2024;30(10):2545 View
  136. Rothlisberger P. AI-Powered Patient-Centered Care: A Call to Action for Innovation. Journal of Healthcare Management 2024;69(4):255 View
  137. Luo X, Zhang A, Li Y, Zhang Z, Ying F, Lin R, Yang Q, Wang J, Huang G. Emergence of Artificial Intelligence Art Therapies (AIATs) in Mental Health Care: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 2024;33(6):1743 View
  138. Sabri H, Saleh M, Hazrati P, Merchant K, Misch J, Kumar P, Wang H, Barootchi S. Performance of three artificial intelligence (AI)‐based large language models in standardized testing; implications for AI‐assisted dental education. Journal of Periodontal Research 2025;60(2):121 View
  139. Abumalloh R, Nilashi M, Ooi K, Tan G, Chan H. Impact of generative artificial intelligence models on the performance of citizen data scientists in retail firms. Computers in Industry 2024;161:104128 View
  140. Molena K, Macedo A, Ijaz A, Carvalho F, Gallo M, Wanderley Garcia de Paula e Silva F, de Rossi A, Mezzomo L, Mugayar L, Queiroz A. Assessing the Accuracy, Completeness, and Reliability of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Responses in Dentistry: A Pilot Study Evaluating the ChatGPT Model. Cureus 2024 View
  141. Ourang S, Sohrabniya F, Mohammad‐Rahimi H, Dianat O, Aminoshariae A, Nagendrababu V, Dummer P, Duncan H, Nosrat A. Artificial intelligence in endodontics: Fundamental principles, workflow, and tasks. International Endodontic Journal 2024;57(11):1546 View
  142. Viswanathan V, Jain V, Vaish A, Jeyaraman M, Iyengar K, Vaishya R. Chatbots and Their Applications in Medical Fields: Current Status and Future Trends: A Scoping Review. Apollo Medicine 2024;21(4):386 View
  143. Panda S, Bhatt A, Satapathy A. ChatGPT and Its Role in Academic Libraries: A Discussion. New Review of Academic Librarianship 2024;30(4):422 View
  144. Alkhamees A. Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence as a Search Tool for Patients: Can ChatGPT-4 Provide Accurate Evidence-Based Orthodontic-Related Information?. Cureus 2024 View
  145. Kuhail M, Alturki N, Thomas J, Alkhalifa A, Alshardan A. Human-Human vs Human-AI Therapy: An Empirical Study. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024:1 View
  146. Hancı V, Ergün B, Gül Ş, Uzun Ö, Erdemir İ, Hancı F. Assessment of readability, reliability, and quality of ChatGPT®, BARD®, Gemini®, Copilot®, Perplexity® responses on palliative care. Medicine 2024;103(33):e39305 View
  147. Goumas G, Dardavesis T, Syrigos K, Syrigos N, Simou E. Chatbots in Cancer Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages: All that Glitters Is Not Gold. Journal of Personalized Medicine 2024;14(8):877 View
  148. Hindelang M, Sitaru S, Zink A. Transforming Health Care Through Chatbots for Medical History-Taking and Future Directions: Comprehensive Systematic Review. JMIR Medical Informatics 2024;12:e56628 View
  149. Hamad Z, Jamil N, Belkacem A. ChatGPT’s Impact on Education and Healthcare: Insights, Challenges, and Ethical Consideration. IEEE Access 2024;12:114858 View
  150. Kuligowska K, Stanusch M. Commercial chatbot monitoring: Approaches focused on automated conversation analysis. Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 2024;12(2):54 View
  151. Durna Y, Teki̇n M, Duymaz Y, Teki̇n A, Bahşi İ. Content Analysis of the Top 25 Most Cited Articles of the Journal of Craniofacial Surgery With ChatGPT-4o. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 2025;36(1):71 View
  152. Tagliaferri L, Fionda B, Casà C, Cornacchione P, Scalise S, Chiesa S, Marconi E, Dinapoli L, Di Capua B, Chieffo D, Marazzi F, Frascino V, Colloca G, Valentini V, Miccichè F, Gambacorta M. Allies not enemies—creating a more empathetic and uplifting patient experience through technology and art. Strahlentherapie und Onkologie 2025;201(3):316 View
  153. Su Z, Tang G, Huang R, Qiao Y, Zhang Z, Dai X. Based on Medicine, The Now and Future of Large Language Models. Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering 2024;17(4):263 View
  154. Hoose S, Králiková K. Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health Care: Management Implications, Ethical Challenges, and Policy Considerations. Administrative Sciences 2024;14(9):227 View
  155. Cao B, Li Z, Crystal Jiang L. When chatbots make errors: Cognitive and affective pathways to understanding forgiveness of chatbot errors. Telematics and Informatics 2024;94:102189 View
  156. Chow J, Li K. Ethical Considerations in Human-Centered AI: Advancing Oncology Chatbots Through Large Language Models. JMIR Bioinformatics and Biotechnology 2024;5:e64406 View
  157. Liu Y, Lyu Z. Changes in Public Perception of ChatGPT: A Text Mining Perspective Based on Social Media. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024:1 View
  158. Kumari K, Pahuja S, Kumar S. A Comprehensive Examination of ChatGPT's Contribution to the Healthcare Sector and Hepatology. Digestive Diseases and Sciences 2024;69(11):4027 View
  159. Ma Y, Achiche S, Tu G, Vicente S, Lessard D, Engler K, Lemire B, Laymouna M, de Pokomandy A, Cox J, Lebouché B. The first AI‐based Chatbot to promote HIV self‐management: A mixed methods usability study. HIV Medicine 2025;26(2):184 View
  160. Karami A, Qiao Z, Zhang X, Kharrazi H, Bozorgi P, Bozorgi A. Health Use Cases of AI Chatbots: Identification and Analysis of ChatGPT Prompts in Social Media Discourses. Big Data and Cognitive Computing 2024;8(10):130 View
  161. Pervez F, Shoukat M, Suresh V, Farooq M, Sandhu M, Qayyum A, Usama M, Girardi A, Latif S, Qadir J. Medicine's New Rhythm: Harnessing Acoustic Sensing via the Internet of Audio Things for Healthcare. IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society 2024;5:491 View
  162. Singh P, Vijay P, Anjum R, Pardhe N, Jahan A, Khanam W. Exploring the role of artificial intelligence in oral cancer diagnosis: Review. Journal of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 2024;10(3):154 View
  163. Rainey J, Treu E, Campbell K, Blackburn B, Pelt C, Archibeck M, Gililland J, Anderson L. Conversational Engagement Using a Short Message Service Chatbot After Total Joint Arthroplasty. Arthroplasty Today 2024;30:101484 View
  164. Espinoza Vidaurre S, Velásquez Rodríguez N, Gambetta Quelopana R, Martinez Valdivia A, Leo Rossi E, Nolasco-Mamani M. Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Academic Integrity Among University Students in Peru and Chile: An Approach to Sustainable Education. Sustainability 2024;16(20):9005 View
  165. Cho H, Jun T, Kim Y, Kang H, Ahn I, Gwon H, Kim Y, Seo J, Choi H, Kim M, Han J, Kee G, Park S, Ko S. Task-Specific Transformer-Based Language Models in Health Care: Scoping Review. JMIR Medical Informatics 2024;12:e49724 View
  166. Okwor I, Hitch G, Hakkim S, Akbar S, Sookhoo D, Kainesie J. Digital Technologies Impact on Healthcare Delivery: A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine-Learning (ML) Adoption, Challenges, and Opportunities. AI 2024;5(4):1918 View
  167. Chiu Y, Lee Y, Lin H, Cheng L. Exploring the Role of Mobile Apps for Insomnia in Depression: Systematic Review. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e51110 View
  168. Nehme M, Schneider F, Amruthalingam E, Schnarrenberger E, Trëmeaud R, Guessous I. Chatbots in medicine: certification process and applied use case. Swiss Medical Weekly 2024;154(10):3954 View
  169. Villain P, Downham L, Le Bonniec A, Bauquier C, Mandrik O, Nadarzynski T, Donelle L, Murillo R, Tolma E, Johnson S, Soler-Michel P, Smith R. Impact of Online Interactive Decision Tools on Women’s Decision-Making Regarding Breast Cancer Screening: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2025;27:e65974 View
  170. Agarwal S. Developing An Artificial Intelligence Based Chatbot For And Early And Effective Prediction Of Various Diseases. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences and Technology 2024;17(1):76 View
  171. Luo Y, Miao Y, Zhao Y, Li J, Wu Y. Exploring the Current Applications and Effectiveness of ChatGPT in Nursing: An Integrative Review. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2024 View
  172. Sato A, Haneda E, Hiroshima Y, Narimatsu H. Preliminary Screening for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Using an AI Chatbot as a Genetic Counselor: Clinical Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024;26:e48914 View
  173. Sadek M, Calvo R, Mougenot C. The Value-Sensitive Conversational Agent Co-Design Framework. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024:1 View
  174. Ripp J, Pietrzak R, de Guillebon E, Peccoralo L. Association of clerical burden and EHR frustration with burnout and career intentions among physician faculty in an urban academic health system. International Journal of Medical Informatics 2025;195:105740 View
  175. Khan M, Haider Z, Hussain J, Malik F, Talib I, Abdullah S. Comprehensive Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and AI Innovations. Bioengineering 2024;11(12):1239 View
  176. Ali S, Rahman F, Kuwar A, Khanna T, Nayak A, Sharma P, Dasraj S, Auer S, Rouf R, Patel T, Dhar B. Rapid, Tailored Dietary and Health Education Through A Social Media Chatbot Microintervention: Development and Usability Study With Practical Recommendations. JMIR Formative Research 2024;8:e52032 View
  177. Naseri A, Antikchi M, Barahman M, Shirinzadeh-Dastgiri A, HaghighiKian S, Vakili-Ojarood M, Rahmani A, Shahbazi A, Shiri A, Masoudi A, Aghasipour M, Aghili K, Neamatzadeh H. AI Chatbots in Oncology: A Comparative Study of Sider Fusion AI and Perplexity AI for Gastric Cancer Patients. Indian Journal of Surgical Oncology 2024 View
  178. Ramiah D, Mmereki D. Synthesizing Efficiency Tools in Radiotherapy to Increase Patient Flow: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Clinical Medicine Insights: Oncology 2024;18 View
  179. Shuhaiber A, Kuhail M, Salman S. ChatGPT in higher education - A Student's perspective. Computers in Human Behavior Reports 2025;17:100565 View
  180. Watt T, Chrysoulas C, Barclay P, El Boudani B, Kalliatakis G. Moving Healthcare AI Support Systems for Visually Detectable Diseases to Constrained Devices. Applied Sciences 2024;14(24):11474 View
  181. Li Y, Chung T, Lu W, Li M, Ho Y, He M, Mei X, Chen D, Bressington D. Chatbot-Based Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program for University Students With Depressive Symptoms: Intervention Development and Pilot Evaluation. Journal of the American Psychiatric Nurses Association 2024 View
  182. Dailah H, Koriri M, Sabei A, Kriry T, Zakri M. Artificial Intelligence in Nursing: Technological Benefits to Nurse’s Mental Health and Patient Care Quality. Healthcare 2024;12(24):2555 View
  183. Li Y, Chen L, Fu L. Vicarious Interaction in Online Health Consultation Service: The Effects of Generative AI’s Anthropomorphism and Social Support on Intended Responses Through Social Presence and Source Credibility. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2024:1 View
  184. Suazo Galdames I. Chatbots for Promoting Healthy Habits and Scientific Culture. International Journal of Medical and Surgical Sciences 2023:1 View
  185. Liu X, Lu Z, Wang T, Liu F. Large language models facilitating modern molecular biology and novel drug development. Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024;15 View
  186. Zitu M, Le T, Duong T, Haddadan S, Garcia M, Amorrortu R, Zhao Y, Rollison D, Thieu T. Large language models in cancer: potentials, risks, and safeguards. BJR|Artificial Intelligence 2025;2(1) View
  187. Reshadi M, Chehragh A. A review of medical tourism entrepreneurship and marketing at regional and global levels and a quick glance into the applications of artificial intelligence in medical tourism. AI & SOCIETY 2025 View
  188. Yang F, Wang C, Lindsey M, An R. Use of Artificial-Intelligence-Based Chatbots to Promote Physical Activity: A Systematic Review of Interventions. Kinesiology Review 2025;14(1):80 View
  189. Canzone A, Belmonte G, Patti A, Vicari D, Rapisarda F, Giustino V, Drid P, Bianco A. The multiple uses of artificial intelligence in exercise programs: a narrative review. Frontiers in Public Health 2025;13 View
  190. Owens O, Leonard M. A Comparison of Prostate Cancer Screening Information Quality on Standard and Advanced Versions of ChatGPT, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot: A Cross-Sectional Study. American Journal of Health Promotion 2025;39(5):766 View
  191. Irwin P, Rehman S, Fealy S, Kornhaber R, Matheson A, Cleary M. Empowering nurses – a practical guide to artificial intelligence tools in healthcare settings: discussion paper. Contemporary Nurse 2025:1 View
  192. Berlanga Llavori R. Del Ars Magna a la inteligencia artificial generativa. Revista de Senología y Patología Mamaria 2025;38(3):100663 View
  193. Fattah F, Salih A, Salih A, Asaad S, Ghafour A, Bapir R, Abdalla B, Othman S, Ahmed S, Hasan S, Mahmood Y, Kakamad F. Comparative analysis of ChatGPT and Gemini (Bard) in medical inquiry: a scoping review. Frontiers in Digital Health 2025;7 View
  194. Pupong K, Hunsrisakhun J, Pithpornchaiyakul S, Naorungroj S. Development of Chatbot-Based Oral Health Care for Young Children and Evaluation of its Effectiveness, Usability, and Acceptability: Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting 2025;8:e62738 View
  195. Xiong X, Zheng L, Ding Y, Chen Y, Cai Y, Wang L, Huang L, Liu C, Shao Z, Yu K. Breast cancer: pathogenesis and treatments. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2025;10(1) View
  196. Chow J, Li K. Developing Effective Frameworks for Large Language Model–Based Medical Chatbots: Insights From Radiotherapy Education With ChatGPT. JMIR Cancer 2025;11:e66633 View
  197. Youssef E, Meriem M, Ait-Lemqeddem H. ChatGPT and ethics in healthcare facilities: an overview and innovations in technical efficiency analysis. AI and Ethics 2025 View
  198. Krishnamoorthy R, Srivastava M, Khanna D. Mindful machines: evaluating ChatGPT’s impact on higher education. International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management 2025 View
  199. Montagna S, Ferretti S, Klopfenstein L, Ungolo M, Pengo M, Aguzzi G, Magnini M. Privacy-preserving LLM-based chatbots for hypertensive patient self-management. Smart Health 2025;36:100552 View
  200. Sestino A, Rizzo C, Irgang L, Stehlíková B. Redesigning healthcare service delivery processes through medical chatbot integrations: balancing chatbot features and patients’ individual differences. Business Process Management Journal 2025 View
  201. Kaliappan S, Liu C, Jain Y, Karkar R, Saha K. Online Communities as a Support System for Alzheimer Disease and Dementia Care: Large-Scale Exploratory Study. JMIR Aging 2025;8:e68890 View
  202. Genç O. Evaluating the Effectiveness of AI-Powered Conversational Models in Construction Management Education: A Comparative Investigation of Student Performances and ChatGPT. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 2025;8(2):598 View
  203. Chow J. Quantum Computing and Machine Learning in Medical Decision-Making: A Comprehensive Review. Algorithms 2025;18(3):156 View
  204. Esmaeilzadeh P, Hassanein K, Head M. AI-human interactions in healthcare: exploring users’ post-adoption behaviors of AI mental health chatbots. Behaviour & Information Technology 2025:1 View
  205. Sezgin E, Jackson D, Kaufman K, Skeens M, Gerhardt C, Moscato E. Perceptions about the use of virtual assistants for seeking health information among caregivers of young childhood cancer survivors. DIGITAL HEALTH 2025;11 View
  206. Sattler S, Chetla N, Chen M, Hage T, Chang J, Guo W, Hugh J. Evaluating the Diagnostic Accuracy of ChatGPT-4 Omni and ChatGPT-4 Turbo in Identifying Melanoma: Comparative Study. JMIR Dermatology 2025;8:e67551 View
  207. Abbas S, Yusifzada I, Athar S. Revolutionizing Medicine: Chatbots as Catalysts for Improved Diagnosis, Treatment, and Patient Support. Cureus 2025 View
  208. Gonzalez Aroca J, Vergara-Merino L, Escobar Liquitay C, Farías H, Arancibia J, Puelles Á, Madrid E. Role of artificial intelligence-powered conversational agents (chatbots) in musculoskeletal disorders: a scoping review protocol. BMJ Open 2025;15(3):e092982 View
  209. Altom D, Awad Taha A, Mahmoud Hussein A, Ibrahim Elshiekh M, Alata Abdelmajed A, Abdalla Ibrahim F, Abelgadir Mohammed S, Elamin Eltain Tifoor M. Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbots in Chronic Disease Management: A Systematic Review of Applications and Challenges. Cureus 2025 View
  210. Ma H, Law E, Sun X, Yang W, He X, Lawson G, Zheng H, Wang Q, Li Q, Yuan X. Towards empathic medical conversation in Narrative Medicine: A visualization approach based on intelligence augmentation. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 2025;199:103506 View
  211. Leiser F, Guse R, Sunyaev A. Large Language Model Architectures in Healthcare: A Scoping Review of Research Perspectives (Preprint). Journal of Medical Internet Research 2024 View
  212. Mileti A, de Cosmo L, Piper L, Baldassarre F, Schillaci E, Guido G. Tell Me How to Prompt! Healthcare Chatbots Response to Emotional Prompts for Enhanced Services. Review and Propositions. Journal of Economic Surveys 2025 View
  213. Farías H, González Aroca J, Ortiz D. Chatbot Based on Large Language Model to Improve Adherence to Exercise-Based Treatment in People with Knee Osteoarthritis: System Development. Technologies 2025;13(4):140 View
  214. Jiang Z, Xu Y, Lim Z, Wang Z, Han Y, Yew S, Pan Z, Wang Q, Wu G, Wong T, Wang X, Wang Y, Tham Y. Comparative performance analysis of global and chinese-domain large language models for myopia. Eye 2025 View
  215. Davis R, Eppler M, Ayo-Ajibola O, Loh-Doyle J, Nabhani J, Samplaski M, Gill I, Cacciamani G. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence–powered Large Language Models Application in Disseminating Appropriate and Readable Health Information in Urology. Journal of Urology 2023;210(4):688 View
  216. Williams B, Erstad B. Analysis of responses from artificial intelligence programs to medication-related questions derived from critical care guidelines. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 2025 View
  217. Chen D, Avison K, Alnassar S, Huang R, Raman S. Medical accuracy of artificial intelligence chatbots in oncology: a scoping review. The Oncologist 2025;30(4) View
  218. Mustuloğlu Ş. Can ChatGPT-3.5 Be Used to Answer Questions Related to Pediatric Dentistry?. Türk Diş Hekimliği Araştırma Dergisi 2025;4(1):12 View
  219. Owens O, Leonard M. Evaluating an Artificially Intelligent Chatbot ‘Prostate Cancer Info’ for Providing Quality Prostate Cancer Screening Information: A Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint). JMIR Cancer 2025 View
  220. Zheng X, Yang Z, Xu L, Wang A. Insights into the complexities of symptom management for hemodialysis patients: a systematic review of qualitative studies. Health Psychology Review 2025:1 View
  221. Hu H, Wu Z. A Narrative Review of Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education of Surgical Oncology. Indian Journal of Surgery 2025 View
  222. Liebetrau D, Densmore M, Nunes F. Engagement of Parents with the Aurora Child Health Chatbot: A Conversation Log Analysis Study. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction 2025:1 View
  223. Alkan Ş, Örs Demet E. Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Models for Nutritional Symptom Management in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy. Nutrition and Cancer 2025:1 View

Books/Policy Documents

  1. Chow J. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. View
  2. Damane B, Mkhize-Kwitshana Z, Kgokolo M, Luvhengo T, Dlamini Z. Artificial Intelligence and Precision Oncology. View
  3. Ferreira R, Gregório P, Coelho L, Reis S. Exploring the Convergence of Computer and Medical Science Through Cloud Healthcare. View
  4. Hammad R, Bhaja M, Patel J. Trends, Applications, and Challenges of Chatbot Technology. View
  5. Solanki R, Rajawat A, Gadekar A, Patil M. Handbook of Research on Instructional Technologies in Health Education and Allied Disciplines. View
  6. El rhatassi F, El Ghali B, Daoudi N. Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Big Data and Internet of Things. View
  7. Tiwari A, Chugh A, Sharma A. Innovations in Artificial Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction in the Digital Era. View
  8. Saeed R, Saeed M, Ahmed Z, Hashim A. Applications of Machine Learning in UAV Networks. View
  9. Potluri R, Vajjhala N. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Methods for Maximizing Efficiency. View
  10. Jaboob A, Durrah O, Chakir A. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. View
  11. Agarwal N, Nupur , Paul P, Mishra S. Multi-Omics Analysis of the Human Microbiome. View
  12. Nardi M. Bioethics of Cognitive Ergonomics and Digital Transition. View
  13. Seethalakshmi P, Dhawaleswara Rao C, Swaroopa K. Machine Intelligence, Tools, and Applications. View
  14. Ghosh J. Nutrition Controversies and Advances in Autoimmune Disease. View
  15. Bappy A, Mahmud T, Kaiser M, Shahadat Hossain M, Andersson K. Applied Intelligence and Informatics. View
  16. Gour S, Randa R. Deep Learning and Visual Artificial Intelligence. View
  17. Soms N, Azariya S. D, Saravanan A. A. Data Science in the Medical Field. View
  18. Chakraborty T, Sharada V, Sai S. Managing Customer-Centric Strategies in the Digital Landscape. View
  19. Chen Z, Zhao X, Hua M, Xu J. HCI International 2024 – Late Breaking Papers. View
  20. Marcão R, Monteiro S, Santos V, Martinho F, José Sousa M, Dionísio A, Ramos P. Electronic Health Records - Issues and Challenges in Healthcare Systems [Working Title]. View
  21. Kumar A, Sharma A, Dhanka S, Maini S. Transforming Neuropsychology and Cognitive Psychology With AI and Machine Learning. View
  22. Bhattacharya S, Sinha D, Bandyopadhyay C, Majumder S, Biswas A. Decision Making Under Uncertainty Via Optimization, Modelling, and Analysis. View
  23. Khan A, Zeb I, Fang S. Chatbots and Mental Healthcare in Psychology and Psychiatry. View
  24. Singh B, Kaunert C, Raghav A, Chandra S, Kumar S, Mishra S. Achieving Sustainability in Multi-Industry Settings With AI. View
  25. Das T, Mandal S, Bhabani B. Achieving Sustainability in Multi-Industry Settings With AI. View

Conference Proceedings

  1. Bandopadhyay D, Ghosh R, Chatterjee R, Das N, Sadhukhan B. 2023 7th International Conference on Computing Methodologies and Communication (ICCMC). Speech Recognition and Neural Networks based Talking Health Care Bot (THCB): Medibot View
  2. Usigan A, Salomeo M, Zafe G, Centeno C, Sison A, Bitancor A. Proceedings of the 2022 5th Artificial Intelligence and Cloud Computing Conference. Implementation of an Undergraduate Admission Chatbot Using Microsoft Azure's Question Answering and Bot Framework View
  3. Thwala E, Adegun A, Adigun M. 2023 International Conference on Science, Engineering and Business for Sustainable Development Goals (SEB-SDG). Self-Assessment Chatbot for COVID-19 prognosis using Deep Learning-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) View
  4. Sowmya D, Debbata K, Vignesh G, Sagar D, Bavanthula A, Pallavi L. 2023 3rd Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON). Emerging Role of Healthcare Chatbots in Improving Medical Assistance View
  5. Velasco V, Dedy Setiawan K, Robert Sanjaya R, Susan Anggreainy M, Kurniawan A. 2023 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Sciences (AiDAS). AI Chatbot Technology to Predict Disease: A Systematic Literature Review View
  6. Li Z, Liang M, Le H, Lc R, Luo Y. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Conversational User Interfaces. Exploring Design Opportunities for Reflective Conversational Agents to Reduce Compulsive Smartphone Use View
  7. Gallo S, Paterno F, Malizia A. Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia. Conversational Interfaces in IoT Ecosystems: Where We Are, What Is Still Missing View
  8. Cao A, Xie G, Li M. Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Computer, Vision and Intelligent Technology. Research on the application of Bot Chat Technology in the field of medical assistance View
  9. Maladzhi R, Tsoeu M, Mthombeni N, Moloi K, Mashifana T, Nemavhola F. 2023 World Engineering Education Forum - Global Engineering Deans Council (WEEF-GEDC). How important are Chatbots within Engineering Education? A literature-based review from 2011 to 2023 View
  10. Hariansyah A, Audre S, Owen J, Sundjaja A. 2023 International Conference on Informatics, Multimedia, Cyber and Informations System (ICIMCIS). Unveiling The Determinants of Marketplace Customer Service Chatbot Continuous Intention to Use in Indonesia : A Descriptive Analysis View
  11. Abdulhamid N, Ochieng M, Bali K, Ankrah E, Karusala N, Ronen K, O'Neill J. Proceedings of the 4th African Human Computer Interaction Conference. Can Large Language Models Support Medical Facilitation Work? A Speculative Analysis View
  12. Abbas S, Kő A, Szabó Z. 2023 14th IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Infocommunications (CogInfoCom). B2B Financial Sector Behavior Concerning Cognitive Chatbots. Personalized Contextual Chatbots in Financial Sector View
  13. Singh M, Mittal M, Dewan P, Kaur A, Kaur G, Gupta A. 2024 11th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom). From Text to Treatment: An Overview of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Healthcare View
  14. Ha J, Jeon H, Han D, Seo J, Oh C. Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CloChat: Understanding How People Customize, Interact, and Experience Personas in Large Language Models View
  15. Lal M, Neduncheliyan S. 2023 IEEE Engineering Informatics. Evaluating the Efficacy of Deep Learning Models in Healthcare Conversations View
  16. Phutela N, Grover P, Singh P, Mittal N. 2024 11th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO). Future Prospects of ChatGPT in Higher Education View
  17. Wibowo F, Azhari A, Deta U. ELECTRONIC PHYSICS INFORMATICS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (EPIIC) 2023. Physics chatbot renewable energy (PCRE) using whatsapp auto reply for student’s construction conception and motivation View
  18. De Carolis B, Palestra G, Oranger E. Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces. Social Robots vs. Chatbots: Evaluating the Effect as a Persuasive Technology for Children in the Healthy Eating Domain View
  19. Hind B, Barkouk A, Belayachi N, Jallal M, Serhier Z, Othmani M. 2024 International Conference on Circuit, Systems and Communication (ICCSC). Empowering Future Healthcare Professionals: Enhancing Medical Education through the Integration of Artificial Intelligence View
  20. Chandel G, Anand K, Goyal K, Choudhary V, Choudhary M, Saini S. 2024 International Conference on Emerging Innovations and Advanced Computing (INNOCOMP). Healthcare Chatbot for Personal Healthcare Assistance View
  21. Chauhan R, Shukla S, Pokhriyal S, Devliyal S, Kumar R. 2024 Asia Pacific Conference on Innovation in Technology (APCIT). Enhancement of Usability of AI Chatbots using Machine Learning View
  22. Söderström U, Hedström E, Lambertsson K, Mejtoft T. Proceedings of the European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics 2024. ChatGPT in education: Teachers’ and Students’ views View
  23. Taha A, Ajel A, Kadhim M, Abed J, Ali Z. THE FIFTH SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE FOR ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING TECHNIQUES RESEARCH (EETR2024). Short review for medical diagnosis of diabetics using back propagation and expert system algorithm in artificial neural networks View
  24. Resch S, Zimmermann L, Kunkel A, Gerstung D, Schwind V, Völz D, Sanchez-Morillo D. 26th International Conference on Mobile Human-Computer Interaction. Usability Evaluation of a Mobile Application for Foot Health Monitoring of Smart Insoles: A Mixed Methods Study View
  25. Bedwa M, Hooda N, Kumar V. 2024 3rd Edition of IEEE Delhi Section Flagship Conference (DELCON). Comparative Performance Analysis of Large Language Models for Deployment in Women's Healthcare Mobile Applications View
  26. Chandrawati T, Wahyuni M, Rejeki V, Anggita L, Matitaputty S, Nugraha J, Riyadi O, Sugihartono M, Kristiawan R. 2024 IEEE 22nd Student Conference on Research and Development (SCOReD). A Chatbot-Based Information Service for Housing Consultants View
  27. Arora Y, Singh A, Sharma A, Aggarwal N, Bansal N. 2024 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Quantum Computation-Based Sensor Application (ICAIQSA). Advancements in Chatbot Technology: Enhancing User Experience through AI and NL View
  28. Sampaio T, Oliveira P, Matos P. 2024 International Conference on Engineering and Emerging Technologies (ICEET). Development of a Chatbot to Support an University Institutional Website View
  29. Al Hayek A, Charara J, Geryes M. 2025 International Conference on Control, Automation, and Instrumentation (IC2AI). Extent of Artificial Intelligence Chatbots' Integration Into Routine Medical Imaging: Exploring the Boundaries of AI Advancements View
  30. Wu S, Cao W, Fu S, Yao B, Yang Z, Yin C, Mishra V, Addison D, Zhang P, Wang D. Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. CardioAI: A Multimodal AI-based System to Support Symptom Monitoring and Risk Prediction of Cancer Treatment-Induced Cardiotoxicity View
  31. Rashik M, Sweth S, Agrawal N, Kochar S, Smith K, Rajabiyazdi F, Setlur V, Mahyar N, Sarvghad A. Proceedings of the 2025 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. AI-Enabled Conversational Journaling for Advancing Parkinson's Disease Symptom Tracking View
  32. Shrestha S, Ghosh A. SoutheastCon 2025. Enhancing Elderly Care with AI: A Review of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications View