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Role and Use of Race in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Models Related to Health

Role and Use of Race in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Models Related to Health

The role and use of the social construct of race within health-related artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) models have become a subject of increased attention and controversy. As noted in the National Academies’ recent report “Ending Unequal Treatment,” it is increasingly clear that race in all its complexity is a powerful predictor of unequal treatment and health care outcomes [1].

Martin C Were, Ang Li, Bradley A Malin, Zhijun Yin, Joseph R Coco, Benjamin X Collins, Ellen Wright Clayton, Laurie L Novak, Rachele Hendricks-Sturrup, Abiodun O Oluyomi, Shilo Anders, Chao Yan

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e73996

eHealth Literacy and Participation in Remote Blood Pressure Monitoring Among Patients With Hypertension: Cross-Sectional Study

eHealth Literacy and Participation in Remote Blood Pressure Monitoring Among Patients With Hypertension: Cross-Sectional Study

Hypertension has remained a public health concern in the American adult population. Hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg or both, has a prevalence of 46.7%, and control (systolic BP Over the years, several models and scales of e-HL have been proposed to measure e-HL [6-20]. There is currently no gold standard for e-HL measurement.

Chinwe E Eze, Michael P Dorsch, Antoinette B Coe, Corey A Lester, Lorraine R Buis, Karen B Farris

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e71926

Data Collection for Automatic Depression Identification in Spanish Speakers Using Deep Learning Algorithms: Protocol for a Case-Control Study

Data Collection for Automatic Depression Identification in Spanish Speakers Using Deep Learning Algorithms: Protocol for a Case-Control Study

This might lead to a potential bias if recordings of both classes were done in different rooms (ie, recording participants with depression in a clinic and those with depression in an office or studio) as room acoustics have a significant impact on voice recordings [18].

Luis F Brenes, Luis A Trejo, Jose Antonio Cantoral-Ceballos, Daniela Aguilar-De León, Fresia Paloma Hernández-Moreno

JMIR Res Protoc 2025;14:e60439

Validation and Acceptability of the Mobile App Version of the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test for Children (CARATKids): Cross-Sectional Study

Validation and Acceptability of the Mobile App Version of the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test for Children (CARATKids): Cross-Sectional Study

Allergic rhinitis, another common condition, often develops early in life, with a prevalence of 8.5% at ages 6‐7, rising to 14.6% in those aged 13‐14 years old [6]. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis have a profound negative impact on children’s physical and emotional health, sleep quality, and daily activities [7].

Dulce Abreu da Mata, Inês Pais-Cunha, Sandra Catarina Ferraz, Daniela da Rocha Couto, Catarina Ferraz, Sónia Silva, José Carlos Valente, Pedro Vieira-Marques, João A Fonseca, Inês Azevedo, Cristina Jácome

JMIR Pediatr Parent 2025;8:e73531

Factors Associated With Portal and Telehealth Uptake and Use in a Minoritized, Low-Income Community: Mixed Methods Study

Factors Associated With Portal and Telehealth Uptake and Use in a Minoritized, Low-Income Community: Mixed Methods Study

Ultimately, most surveys were completed either on paper or through REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) [26], a web-based data collection and management tool. Recruitment strategies included mailing paper surveys, sending a link for distribution in the organization’s newsletter, distributing flyers with a QR code and a phone number, and in-person recruitment.

Robin T Higashi, Emily C Repasky, Antara Gupta, MinJae Lee, Catherine M DesRoches, Aimee Israel, Sandi L Pruitt

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e70146

Advancing the Integration of Digital Health Technologies in the Drug Development Ecosystem

Advancing the Integration of Digital Health Technologies in the Drug Development Ecosystem

The color scheme difference for certain elements is to highlight the applicability of a subcomponent framework to a major category represented by the bigger rectangle. The reliable utilization of DHT for clinical investigation hinges highly on the verification and validation of the process used to generate the necessary data and its subsequent processing. A major component of this process is DHT-related testing and validation.

Sakshi Sardar, Cheryl D Coon, Scottie Kern, Huong Huynh, Diane Stephenson, Joshua Rubin Abrams, Grace V Lee, Cecile Ollivier, Joseph A Hedrick, Martijn LTM Müller, Luc J W Evers, Lada Leyens, Collin Hovinga, Shu Chin Ma, Klaus Romero

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e67052

Practical Approaches to Patient-Centered Care in Europe: Mixed Methods Study Developing a Conceptual Framework for Comprehensive Cancer Care Networks

Practical Approaches to Patient-Centered Care in Europe: Mixed Methods Study Developing a Conceptual Framework for Comprehensive Cancer Care Networks

Therefore, by recognizing the uniqueness of each patient’s situation, preferences, and needs, CCCNs seek to transition to a more personalized and tailored approach to cancer care [11]. To support the shift toward a more personalized and tailored approach in cancer care, this paper aims to advance the concept of patient-centered care in CCCNs by proposing a definition, a comprehensive framework, and actionable strategies.

Emily Hickmann, Peggy Richter, Hannes Schlieter, Maja Cemazar, Dorota Dudek-Godeau, Nele Grapentin, Ellen Griesshammer, Marjetka Jelenc, Sigita Liutkauskiene, Alain Ravaud, Xavier Troussard, Simone Wesselmann

JMIR Cancer 2025;11:e59683

Evaluating Fitbits for Assessment of Physical Activity and Sleep in Pediatric Pain: Feasibility and Acceptability Pilot Study

Evaluating Fitbits for Assessment of Physical Activity and Sleep in Pediatric Pain: Feasibility and Acceptability Pilot Study

When patients were scheduled close to a preoperative visit or DOS, a research staff member obtained written assent from patients and consent from their parent/guardian on the preoperative visit day, typically the day before or a few days before the DOS. Surgical patients received a Fitbit device and account information at the end of their consent meeting on their preoperative visit day. Those who consented via e Consenting received a mailed Fitbit device and account information.

Bridget A Nestor, Andreas M Baumer, Justin Chimoff, Benoit Delecourt, Camila Koike, Nicole Tacugue, Roland Brusseau, Nathalie Roy, Israel A Gaytan-Fuentes, Navil Sethna, Danielle Wallace, Joe Kossowsky

JMIR Form Res 2025;9:e59074

Racial Misclassification of American Indian and Alaska Native People in the Electronic Medical Record: An Unexpected Hurdle in a Retrospective Medical Record Cohort Study

Racial Misclassification of American Indian and Alaska Native People in the Electronic Medical Record: An Unexpected Hurdle in a Retrospective Medical Record Cohort Study

In a retrospective cohort study that examined longitudinal cigarette smoking behaviors of Indigenous people in Olmsted County, Minnesota—a county without access to Indian Health Service clinics or hospitals—the magnitude of racial misclassification in electronic health record (EHR) data became an unexpected hurdle for the study team [3]. Most AI/AN people reside in urban areas or off reservation lands [4]. Understanding this population’s health behaviors is critical to informing interventions.

Ann Marie Rusk, Alanna M Chamberlain, Jamie Felzer, Yvonne Bui, Christi A Patten, Christopher C Destephano, Matthew A Rank, Roberto P Benzo, Cassie C Kennedy

J Med Internet Res 2025;27:e73086

“Digital Clinicians” Performing Obesity Medication Self-Injection Education: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

“Digital Clinicians” Performing Obesity Medication Self-Injection Education: Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Adding form to a faceless chatbot to create a “digital clinician” may increase trust, engagement, and usability [24]. Chatbots are text-based and have rarely been integrated with physical form, for example, avatars or “virtual humans.” Adding form to a faceless chatbot to create a “digital clinician” may increase trust, engagement, and usability [24]. Automation may offer benefits in standardization, efficiency, effectiveness, cost, confidentiality, and access.

Sean Coleman, Caitríona Lynch, Hemendra Worlikar, Emily Kelly, Kate Loveys, Andrew J Simpkin, Jane C Walsh, Elizabeth Broadbent, Francis M Finucane, Derek O' Keeffe

JMIR Diabetes 2025;10:e63503