<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD Journal Publishing DTD v2.0 20040830//EN" "journalpublishing.dtd"><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="2.0" xml:lang="en" article-type="letter"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">JMIR Cancer</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">cancer</journal-id><journal-id journal-id-type="index">21</journal-id><journal-title>JMIR Cancer</journal-title><abbrev-journal-title>JMIR Cancer</abbrev-journal-title><issn pub-type="epub">2369-1999</issn><publisher><publisher-name>JMIR Publications</publisher-name><publisher-loc>Toronto, Canada</publisher-loc></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">v12i1e108419</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2196/108419</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Letter to the Editor</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Urological Content Accuracy as an Unmeasured Dimension in Generative AI Chatbot Communication About Sexual Health After Prostate Cancer</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name name-style="western"><surname>Isler</surname><given-names>Bilgi</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Bayraktar</surname><given-names>Ahmet Murat</given-names></name><degrees>MD</degrees><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Department of Urology, Konya City Hospital, University of Health Sciences</institution><addr-line>&#x0130;stiklal, Adana &#x00C7;evre Yolu Cd. No:135/1</addr-line><addr-line>Konya</addr-line><country>T&#x00FC;rkiye</country></aff><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="editor"><name name-style="western"><surname>Balcarras</surname><given-names>Matthew</given-names></name></contrib></contrib-group><author-notes><corresp>Correspondence to Bilgi Isler, MD, Department of Urology, Konya City Hospital, University of Health Sciences, , &#x0130;stiklal, Adana &#x00C7;evre Yolu Cd. No:135/1Konya, 42020, T&#x00FC;rkiye, 90 5056834407; <email>bilgi.isler249@gmail.com</email></corresp></author-notes><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>9</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><elocation-id>e108419</elocation-id><history><date date-type="received"><day>31</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></date></history><copyright-statement>&#x00A9; Bilgi Isler, Ahmet Murat Bayraktar. Originally published in JMIR Cancer (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://cancer.jmir.org">https://cancer.jmir.org</ext-link>), 15.9.2026. </copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</ext-link>), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Cancer, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://cancer.jmir.org/">https://cancer.jmir.org/</ext-link>, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.</p></license><self-uri xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="https://cancer.jmir.org/2026/1/e108419"/><related-article related-article-type="commentary article" id="v12" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.2196/81745" xlink:title="Comment on" vol="12" xlink:type="simple">https://cancer.jmir.org/2026/1/e81745</related-article><related-article related-article-type="commentary" ext-link-type="doi" xlink:href="10.2196/109004" xlink:title="Comment in" xlink:type="simple">https://cancer.jmir.org/2026/1/e109004</related-article><kwd-group><kwd>auto-netnography</kwd><kwd>netnography</kwd><kwd>prostate cancer</kwd><kwd>sexual minority men</kwd><kwd>generative AI chatbots</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body><p>Christiansen and colleagues [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>] make a welcome contribution by shifting attention from correctness to interactional framing in a group whose informational needs remain underaddressed. The authors state clearly that they did not set out to assess clinical effectiveness or safety, and they caution in their limitations that the absence of obvious fabrication should not be read as evidence of accuracy. Reading the published outputs from a urological perspective, we offer three observations that may refine future work.</p><p>First, the initial prompt states that both radiotherapy and surgery would likely include hormonal therapy. This is a patient utterance, not a claim by the authors, and patients do hold such beliefs. Androgen deprivation is standard in combination with radiotherapy for intermediate- and high-risk disease, but neoadjuvant androgen deprivation around radical prostatectomy is not recommended [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref2">2</xref>]. What is notable is the response: none of the four systems queried or corrected it, and all four built counseling based on it. Silent acceptance of a premise that is not guideline-concordant is, in our view, among the most consequential failure modes in patient-facing use, and it falls outside the pragmatic accuracy definition used here.</p><p>Second, the two treatment arms differ categorically for receptive anal intercourse: after prostatectomy, the gland is absent and prostate-mediated pleasure is permanently lost [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref3">3</xref>], whereas after radiotherapy, the gland remains in situ and rectal toxicity becomes the limiting factor. Comparative data bear this out: climacturia is far commoner after prostatectomy and anodyspareunia after radiotherapy [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref4">4</xref>]. Only one output made this explicit. Another described treatment as affecting the sensitivity and function of the prostate, which does not apply once the gland has been removed. The passage quoted twice as an exemplar of compassionate precision proposes a 4&#x2010; to 6-week interval for resuming receptive anal intercourse without reference to anodyspareunia, mucosal fragility, or proctopathy after irradiation.</p><p>Third, the statement that no hallucinated content was identified sits alongside a reported support group link misattributed to a Swedish service. We would classify that as a contextual hallucination rather than as a separate category, and the platform responsible is not named. A further unflagged example appears in Multimedia Appendix 2 in Christiansen et al [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">1</xref>], where a hereditary cancer organization is presented as a resource for LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer) individuals with cancer.</p><p>These observations do not undermine the authors&#x2019; interpretive aim but indicate where a complementary design would add value. We suggest three additions: (1) a prespecified urology-anchored content checklist scored independently by two clinicians, covering the prostatectomy versus radiotherapy distinction, anodyspareunia and rectal toxicity, climacturia, penile length change, and the expected duration and reversibility of androgen deprivation; (2) deliberate inclusion of premises that are not guideline-concordant, with correction rate as an explicit end point; and (3) per-model reporting of every identified error, with exact query dates, session conditions, and repeated generations, as the CHART (Chatbot Health Advice Reporting Tool) statement the authors followed recommends [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref5">5</xref>].</p><p>Communicative warmth and clinical adequacy are separable qualities. This study measures the first with care, and we would welcome a companion study that measures the second.</p></body><back><notes><sec><title>Funding</title><p>The authors declared no financial support was received for this work.</p></sec></notes><fn-group><fn fn-type="con"><p>BI conceived the letter, appraised the source article, and drafted the manuscript. AMB critically revised the manuscript. Both authors approved the final version.</p></fn><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>None declared.</p></fn></fn-group><glossary><title>Abbreviations</title><def-list><def-item><term id="abb1">CHART</term><def><p>Chatbot Health Advice Reporting Tool</p></def></def-item><def-item><term id="abb2">LGBTQ+</term><def><p>lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer</p></def></def-item></def-list></glossary><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="ref1"><label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Christiansen</surname><given-names>M</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Eriksson</surname><given-names>H</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Fagerstr&#x00F6;m</surname><given-names>L</given-names> </name></person-group><article-title>Generative AI chatbots as digital adjuncts for sexual health information after prostate cancer in men who have sex with men: auto-netnographic study</article-title><source>JMIR Cancer</source><year>2026</year><month>02</month><day>9</day><volume>12</volume><fpage>e81745</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2196/81745</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="medline">41662502</pub-id></nlm-citation></ref><ref id="ref2"><label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Cornford</surname><given-names>P</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>van den Bergh</surname><given-names>RCN</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Briers</surname><given-names>E</given-names> </name><etal/></person-group><article-title>EAU-EANM-ESTRO-ESUR-ISUP-SIOG Guidelines on Prostate Cancer-2026 update. Part I: screening, diagnosis, and local treatment with curative intent</article-title><source>Eur Urol</source><year>2026</year><month>09</month><day>1</day><fpage>S0302-2838(26)02114-7</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.eururo.2026.04.013</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="medline">42457454</pub-id></nlm-citation></ref><ref id="ref3"><label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Vedovo</surname><given-names>F</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Lonati</surname><given-names>C</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Suardi</surname><given-names>N</given-names> </name><etal/></person-group><article-title>Sexual outcomes in men who have sex with men who underwent radical prostatectomy</article-title><source>Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis</source><year>2025</year><month>03</month><volume>28</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>70</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/s41391-024-00861-9</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="medline">38918583</pub-id></nlm-citation></ref><ref id="ref4"><label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dickstein</surname><given-names>DR</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Bates</surname><given-names>AJ</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Wheldon</surname><given-names>CW</given-names> </name><etal/></person-group><article-title>Treatment choice and sexual health outcomes in gay and bisexual men with prostate cancer</article-title><source>Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis</source><year>2026</year><month>09</month><volume>29</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>638</fpage><lpage>641</lpage><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/s41391-025-01007-1</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="medline">40764815</pub-id></nlm-citation></ref><ref id="ref5"><label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal"><person-group person-group-type="author"><collab>CHART Collaborative</collab><name name-style="western"><surname>Huo</surname><given-names>B</given-names> </name><name name-style="western"><surname>Collins</surname><given-names>GS</given-names> </name><etal/></person-group><article-title>Reporting guideline for chatbot health advice studies: the CHART statement</article-title><source>JAMA Netw Open</source><year>2025</year><month>08</month><day>1</day><volume>8</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>e2530220</fpage><pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.30220</pub-id><pub-id pub-id-type="medline">40747871</pub-id></nlm-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>